Sabtu, 02 April 2011

Tentang Pemberi SKMHT Meninggal

Pertanyaan :

Untuk kredit tertentu (misal Kredit Mikro kurang dari 50 juta), adakalanya pengikatan jaminan hanya sebatas SKMHT tanpa ditingkatkan ke APHT, hingga berakhirnya masa kredit. Dalam hal jaminan atas nama orang lain (misal debitur A, pemilik jaminan B), dan dalam perjalanannya si B (atau pasangannya) meninggal, apakah SKMHT-nya masih berlaku dan masih bisa di APHT-kan? Bagaimana juga apabila SKMHT atas nama jaminan milik istri/suami dan dalam perjalanannya suami/istrinya meninggal, apakah SKMHT-nya masih berlaku dan masih bisa di-APHT-kan?
Jawaban :

Pasal 15 ayat (2) UU No. 4 Tahun 1996 tentang Hak Tanggungan Atas Tanah Beserta Benda-Benda yang Berkaitan dengan Tanah (“UUHT”) mengatur bahwa Surat Kuasa Membebankan Hak Tanggungan (“SKMHT”) bersifat tidak dapat ditarik kembali dan tidak berakhir oleh sebab apapun juga, kecuali karena telah dilaksanakan atau karena habis masa berlakunya.


“Kuasa Untuk Membebankan Hak Tanggungan tidak dapat ditarik kembali atau tidak dapat berakhir oleh sebab apapun juga kecuali karena kuasa tersebut telah dilaksanakan atau karena telah habis jangka waktunya sebagaimana dimaksud pada ayat (3) dan ayat (4)”


Selanjutnya, apabila di lihat pada pasal 15 ayat (3) dan ayat (4) UUHT, diatur bahwa SKMHT wajib diikuti dengan pembuatan Akta Pemberian Hak Tanggungan (APHT):


1. Untuk tanah yang telah terdaftar: selambat-lambatnya 1 bulan setelah pemberian SKMHT;

2. Untuk tanah yang belum terdaftar: selambat-lambatnya 1 bulan setelah pemberian SKMHT.


Pengecualian dari ketentuan pasal 15 ayat (3) dan ayat (4) adalah untuk jenis-jenis kredit tertentu (pasal 15 ayat [5] UUHT). Jenis-jenis kredit ini sendiri diatur dalam Peraturan Menteri Negara Agraria/Kepala BPN No. 4 Tahun 1996 tentang Penetapan Batas Waktu Penggunaan Surat Kuasa Membebankan Hak Tanggungan Untuk Menjamin Pelunasan Kredit-Kredit Tertentu (“Permen Agraria”). Salah satu jenis kredit yang dikecualikan menurut Permen Agraria ini adalah Kredit produktif yang diberikan oleh Bank Umum dan Bank Perkreditan Rakyat dengan plafon kredit tidak melebihi Rp50 juta. Untuk kredit jenis ini, SKMHT berlaku sampai berakhirnya masa berlaku perjanjian pokok yang bersangkutan.


Merujuk pada uraian di atas, dapat disimpulkan bahwa untuk kasus Anda (kredit dengan plafonnya kurang dari Rp50 juta) berlaku pengecualian sebagaimana diatur dalam Permen Agraria tersebut. Dengan demikian, SKMHT-nya berlaku sampai berakhirnya masa berlaku perjanjian pokok yang bersangkutan, dan masih dapat di-APHT-kan walaupun pemberi APHT meninggal dunia.

Semoga bermanfaat.

Dasar hukum:

1. Undang-Undang No. 4 Tahun 1996 tentang Hak Tanggungan Atas Tanah Beserta Benda-Benda yang Berkaitan dengan Tanah

2. Peraturan Menteri Negara Agraria/Kepala Badan Pertanahan Nasional No. 4 Tahun 1996 tentang Penetapan Batas Waktu Penggunaan Surat Kuasa Membebankan Hak Tanggungan Untuk Menjamin Pelunasan Kredit-Kredit Tertentu

(Sumber: Hukum Online)

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